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First of all, let us try to know why a verb is needed.

Read the examples given below –

Ram is eating mango.

Sita is dancing.

Mohan was punished.

Shreyas is riding bikes.

In all these examples, without the words given in blue colour, would they have any meaning?
Is it?
So all these words are telling us what we are doing by doing noun or pronoun. So we call these words Verb.

Definition of Verb

Those words in a sentence which show the action or state of being (exist, present) are known as verbs.

OR

The words which indicate the doing or the happening of some action are called verbs.

If put in simple words, whatever the subject does, has done, or will do, it is called a verb.

Three things are most important in a complete sentence –

Subject + Verb + Object

So we can say that without a verb, no sentence will have any meaning.

The verb is the essential part of any sentence.

The words given below are verbs –

Speak, go, eat, play, read, run, teach etc.

All these verbs tell you to do the work.

Is, am, are, was, were, has, have etc.

All these verbs tell the condition or condition of something.

Hari is very happy.

Ram is a clerk.

In this, the word is telling the state of Hari.
There can be no such sentence in which there is no verb.

Types of Verb

There are only two types of Sentence, a sentence in which it is told to do an action and the other which shows the state of existence of a subject.
According to this, Verbs are mainly divided into two types.

1- Action or Main Verb

2- Helping Verb

Let us understand them in detail –

Action Verb or Main Verb

It tells the action of the subject.

Examples of Main Verb

The goats are grazing grass.

Sita is swimming in the river.

In this grazing and swimming subject, goats and Sita are telling what work they are doing. So grazing and swimming are the main verbs.

Types of Main Verb

There are two types of the main verb-

1. Transitive Verb
2. Intransitive Verb

Transitive Verb

Such verbs which require an object to convey the whole meaning of the sentence are called transitive verbs.

Examples of the transitive verb

Sachin loves ice cream.
I caught fish.
Geeta sent a letter to her father.
The horses carry the warriors.
If we read carefully, we will find that all the sentences will be of incomplete meaning by removing blue colour words. These blue coloured words are called object deeds.

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Intransitive verb

Those verbs which are complete without an object are called intransitive verbs.

Example of the intransitive verb

They swim.
The prisoner escaped.
The sun is shining.
Anshika sang.
In these verbs like swim, escape, shine sang, we can make a complete sentence without using any object.
Always Intransitively used verb – come, go, die, fall, lie, sleep, etc.
Passive voice is not formed in intransitive verbs.
Most verbs are those that become both transitive and intransitive.

Example

The parrots fly.
He flies a kite.
Arrive and die words are always used intransitively.

Helping Verb

It tells the condition status of the subject.

Examples of Helping Verb

Pan was hot.

Rama is a beautiful girl.

She is poor girl.

In this way and is subject pan and Rama’s status tells that he is hot and beautiful. “Poor” verb, indicating someone’s position. So these will be called helping verbs.

We will study more about helping verb in next section –

Types of Verb Tenses

On the basis of tens verbs are of two types –

Finite Verb Definition

As it is known from the meaning of the finite word that they are definite. The verbs with which we have to tell the time.
or
Those verbs on which the rules of tenses are applied, and changes have to be brought in them for different times.

Finite Verb Examples

Teacher spoke to student.

They robbed the landlord’s house.

He is my uncle.

Birds are flying.

Non-finite Verbs

The rules of tenses do not apply to non-finite verbs.
When the Main verb is broken into three forms, those parts were called non-finite verbs.
This is because they do not have to be changed after using them at different times.
There are three types of non-finite verbs –

1. Infinitive Verb
2. Participle Verb
3. Gerund Verb

Infinitive Verb Definition

When to use two verbs together in a sentence.

Infinitive Verb Examples

Monu wants to play.

I am going to eat.

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Participle Verb

These verbs act as adjectives in sentences.

Example of the Past Participle

Rusted door.

Painted statue.

Burned wood.

Example of the Present Participle

Playing is good.

I like reading books.

The shining bulb.

The crying babies.

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Gerund Verb

When the verb itself is made, a noun in the present participle is known as a gerund verb.

Example of Gerund Verb

Swimming is good for your health.

Conclusion in short –

Infinitive = ( to + mv1 ) — Purpose

Participle = ( mv3 ) — Noun or adjective

Gerund = ( mv1 + ing ) — Verb as noun

What do we know from Verb?

1. what a person or thing is doing –

Example –

Ram jumps.

Boys are playing.

2. what has been done to a person or thing –

Example – The door is painted.

3. what is the state or condition of a person or thing –

Examples – 

The fish is alive.

Wires are flexible.

Note: If an answer is found by putting what or whom with verbs in any sentence, it will be a word object, and the verb is transitive.

We can use most verbs as both transitive and intransitive verbs, so it is better to say that we use a verb transitively or intransitively.

Kick the football, Mohan. —– used transitively

The ball had been kicked. —- used intransitively

The pilot landed on the plane. —— used transitively

The aircraft landed suddenly. —– used intransitively

Verbs whose subject and object are the same person are called reflexive verbs.

Examples – 

Rahul killed himself.

The verb person and number –

The verb has a three-person forms –

The first – I speak.

The second – You speak.

The third – He speaks.

The verb has two numbers –

Singular — he speaks.

Plural — they speak.

Agreement of the verbs with the subject –

The verb and the subject must have the same person and number to make a sentence errorless.

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